Clamp loader ATPases and the evolution of DNA replication
Apr 20, 2012 · Clamp loaders are pentameric ATPases of the AAA+ family that operate to ensure processive DNA replication. They do so by loading onto DNA the ring-shaped sliding clamps that tether the polymerase to the DNA. Structural and biochemical analysis of clamp loaders has shown how, despite differences in composition across different branches of life, all clamp loaders undergo the …
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[PDF] DNA polymerase clamp loaders and DNA recognition
Feb 07, 2005 · The crystal structures of clamp loader complexes are reviewed and the insights they have provided into the mechanism of the clamp loading process are reviewed. Clamp loaders are heteropentameric ATPase assemblies that load sliding clamps onto …
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Crystal Structure of the Eukaryotic Origin Recognition Complex
Mar 19, 2015 · Of AAA+ proteins, ORC is most closely related phylogenetically to other replication initiators, including bacterial DnaA, and to DNA polymerase clamp loaders 9. In comparing the ORC ATPase assembly to these systems, it can be seen that the Orc4•Orc5 and Orc3•Orc2 AAA+ folds are organized similarly to protomers in ATP-assembled DnaA ( Fig. 3a ).
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Allosteric communication in DNA polymerase clamp loaders
Apr 13, 2021 · Finally, DNA recognition by the clamp-loader results in cooperative ATP hydrolysis and release of the closed clamp on DNA (Liu et al., 2017; Marzahn et al., 2014). The base of each ATPase domain of a clamp-loader complex contains a loop that binds to a pocket on the surface of the sliding clamp ( Bowman et al., 2004 ; Gulbis et al., 1996
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Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus
May 22, 2012 · For example the use of Taq DNA polymerase may be preferred over Pfu DNA polymerase if processivity and/or the addition of an adenine residue to the 3' ends of the PCR product is desired. The addition of a 3' adenine has become a useful strategy for cloning PCR products into TA vectors whit 3' thymine overhangs.
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The Mechanism of ATP-Dependent Primer-Template Recognition
Clamp loaders load sliding clamps onto primer-template DNA. The structure of the E. coli clamp loader bound to DNA reveals the formation of an ATP-dependent spiral of ATPase domains that tracks only the template strand, allowing recognition of both RNA and DNA primers. Unlike hexameric helicases, in which DNA translocation requires distinct conformations of the ATPase domains, the clamp loader
Get a quoteHow a DNA polymerase clamp loader opens a sliding clamp.
Figure 1. Clamp loaders and sliding clamps A) Clamp loading reaction. The clamp loader has low affinity for both clamp and primer-template DNA in the absence of ATP. Upon binding ATP, the clamp loader can bind the clamp and open it. The binding of primer-template DNA activates ATP hydrolysis, leading to ejection of the clamp loader.
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Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus
May 22, 2012 · For example the use of Taq DNA polymerase may be preferred over Pfu DNA polymerase if processivity and/or the addition of an adenine residue to the 3' ends of the PCR product is desired. The addition of a 3' adenine has become a useful strategy for cloning PCR products into TA vectors whit 3' thymine overhangs.
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Allosteric communication in DNA polymerase clamp loaders
Apr 13, 2021 · Finally, DNA recognition by the clamp-loader results in cooperative ATP hydrolysis and release of the closed clamp on DNA (Liu et al., 2017; Marzahn et al., 2014). The base of each ATPase domain of a clamp-loader complex contains a loop that binds to a pocket on the surface of the sliding clamp ( Bowman et al., 2004 ; Gulbis et al., 1996
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Replication Clamps and Clamp Loaders
Keywords: DNA sliding clamp; Clamp loader; AAA+ ATPase; Primer-template junction; DNA replication 1. Introduction Sliding DNA clamps are ring-shaped proteins that encircle DNA, thereby providing a mobile platform that anchors DNA polymerases to their templates during high speed chro-mosomal replication [1,2]. The sliding clamps allow DNA
Get a quoteDNA Replication and Recombination Flashcards | Quizlet
sliding clamp loader. in the case of DNA polymerase III, processivity is the number of nucleotides added to a template strand before the enzyme falls off the template. origin recognition complex (ORC) a complex of six proteins found in eukaryotes that is necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Get a quoteClamp loader ATPases and the evolution of DNA replication
Apr 20, 2012 · High-speed replication of chromosomal DNA requires the DNA polymerase to be attached to a sliding clamp (known as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, or PCNA, in eukaryotes) that prevents the polymerase from falling off DNA [1,2].In all cells and in some viruses, the clamp is a ring-shaped protein complex that encircles DNA, forming a sliding platform on which DNA polymerases and other
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Clamp loader ATPases and the evolution of DNA replication
Apr 20, 2012 · The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information
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DNA Replication and Recombination Flashcards | Quizlet
sliding clamp loader. in the case of DNA polymerase III, processivity is the number of nucleotides added to a template strand before the enzyme falls off the template. origin recognition complex (ORC) a complex of six proteins found in eukaryotes that is necessary to initiate DNA replication.
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What Is the Function of Dna Polymerase 3 - Walstab Himmuch
Nov 29, 2021 · DNA polymerase III subunit α = DnaE (extended summary available) DNA polymerase III subunit ε = DnaQ (extended summary available) DNA polymerase III subunit θ = HolE (extended summary available) DNA polymerase III, preinitiation complex = (DnaX) 3
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DNA polymerase - Wikipedia
A DNA polymerase is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, the molecular precursors of DNA.These enzymes are essential for DNA replication and usually work in groups to create two identical DNA duplexes from a single original DNA duplex. During this process, DNA polymerase "reads" the existing DNA strands to create two new
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Clamp loader ATPases and the evolution of DNA replication
Apr 20, 2012 · High-speed replication of chromosomal DNA requires the DNA polymerase to be attached to a sliding clamp (known as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, or PCNA, in eukaryotes) that prevents the polymerase from falling off DNA [1,2].In all cells and in some viruses, the clamp is a ring-shaped protein complex that encircles DNA, forming a sliding platform on which DNA polymerases and other
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DNA Polymerase III Holoenzyme - an overview
Abstract. DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (pol III HE) is responsible for bacterial chromosomal DNA replication, along with the helicase and primase, at the replication fork. Pol III HE is a multi-subunit complex, in which pol III core possesses the polymerization and proofreading activity and the clamp loader and sliding clamp provide processivity.
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DNA polymerase clamp loaders and DNA recognition - Bowman
Nov 26, 2004 · The recognition by the clamp loader–clamp complex of properly primed DNA – a single-stranded/double-stranded DNA junction with a recessed 3′ end – stimulates the ATPase activity of the clamp loader, resulting in ATP hydrolysis and the release of the sliding clamp on DNA [4, 6]. The ability of the clamp loader to bind preferentially to duplex DNA with recessed 3′ ends, rather than 5′ ends, results …
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Figure 14.1 from The RFC clamp loader: structure and
Fig. 14.1 Scheme of clamp loader function. ( a ) The structures of the E. coli β and human PCNA sliding clamps (PDB: 2POL and PDB: AXC, respectively). ( b ) Schematic of clamp loader function using eukaryotic RFC and PCNA as the example. ATP binding to RFC enables RFC to bind and open PCNA. In the presence of a primed template, RFC places PCNA onto DNA and then hydrolyzes ATP to eject from
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